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| imagecredit bbc.co.uk |
con 400 reattori in funzione un incidente grave dovrebbe succedere ogni 250 anni. Al contrario, ne abbiamo avuti ben 3 in poco più di 30 anni, uno ogni circa 10 anni (Three Miles Island nel 1979, Cernobyl nel 1986 e Fukushima l’anno scorso). L’area contaminata in Giappone è grande quanto mezza Sicilia e così rimarrà per decenni.
Nulla di più falso: è la Francia che è costretta a vendere ai Paesi limitrofi elettricità a basso costo durante la notte, per liberarsi del surplus prodotto dai propri impianti.
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| photo ecoo.it |
Convenienza.
Although Level 7 is the highest level of INES rating, it is estimated that the amount of discharged radioactive materials to the environment in the current stage is approximately 10 percent of the Chernobyl accident, which was assessed on the same level in the past.
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| fonte NISA |
Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
NISA confirms that no changes have been observed at the on-site radiation monitoring posts. The injection of water into the reactor pressure vessels of Units 1, 2 and 3 was not interrupted.Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Plant
NISA confirms that no changes have been observed of the readings at the on-site radiation monitoring posts.Onagawa Nuclear Power Plant
All reactors have been in cold shutdown since the 11 March earthquake.
NISA has confirmed that two out of the three lines supplying off-site power to the site were lost following the 7 April earthquake. Off-site power continues to be supplied through the third line.
Cooling of the spent fuel pool was temporarily lost, but has subsequently been restored.
Tokai Daini Nuclear Power Plant
Tokai Daini nuclear power plant remains in cold shutdown since the 11 March earthquake. No abnormality has been observed.Higashidori Nuclear Power Plant
NISA has confirmed that the Higashidori NPP was shutdown and in a maintenance outage at the time of the 7 April earthquake. Off-site power has been lost. Emergency power supply to the site is operating. All the fuel had been removed from the reactor core and stored in the spent fuel pool. Cooling of the spent fuel pool is operational.Tomari Nuclear Power Plant (in Hokkaido)
At the time of the 7 April earthquake Tomari Unit 1 and Unit 2 were in operation. Following the 7 April earthquake, the Hokkaido Electric Power Company reduced the generating power to 90% of capacity.Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant
NISA confirms that Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant and uranium enrichment facility lost off-site power. Emergency power supply to the site is operating.
Today at around 9:30 am, we detected water containing radiation dose overc
1,000 mSv/h in the pit* where supply cables are stored near the intake
channel of Unit 2. Furthermore, there was a crack about 20 cm on the
concrete lateral of the pit, from where the water in the pit was out
flowing.(We already informed.) During the same day, we injected fresh
concrete to the pit, but we could not observe a reduction in the amount
of water spilling from the pit to the sea.
Therefore, we considered that a new method of stopping the water and
determined to use the polymer. Necessary equipment and experts of water
shutoff will be dispatched to the site and after checking the condition,
we're doing continuous work to stop water by injecting polymer(April 3rd).TEPCO has identified a possible leakage path from the Turbine building of Unit 2 to the sea via a series of trenches/tunnels used to provide power to the sea water intake pumps and supply of service water to the reactor and turbine buildings. As of 2 April, 07:25 UTC, the pouring of concrete was started in an attempt to stop the water leakage. As of 2 April, 10:15 UTC, pouring of concrete had ceased and no significant decrease in the rate of leakage was observed. There is a plan to inject polymer to attempt to stop the leakage. TEPCO announced on 2 April that, following the detection of highly contaminated water leaking through a crack found in a pit near Unit 2, they had added 3 additional sampling points at 15 km from Fukushima Daiichi and Fukushima Daiini.
・Radiation data in the air and soil around the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant has been accumulated. Based on its comprehensive analysis results, we are preparing for setting more precise criteria for evacuation and indoor evacuation zones.
・At the present time, there is no pre-assumption on whether evacuation and indoor evacuation zones should be expanded or narrowed. It depends on the analysis results from radiation monitoring.
・Regarding the thyroid gland exposure dose which could have more severe impact on children, we conducted medical check-up on 900 children aged from 0 to 15 years old who live in Kawamata town and Iidate village which are located beyond the 30 km radius from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant. We found no one being exposed to radiation levels exceeding the standard values of radiation dose just as we had in the two previous medical tests.
・Normally, a disaster-stricken prefectural government establishes a third party organization to set criteria for the allocation of donations that were collected through the Red Cross and other organizations. However, since the quake and tsunami hit multiple prefectures this time, I think that the central government will play a certain role in creating criteria for the allocation of donations to the disaster victims on behalf of these prefectures.
・The Japanese Red Cross Society and other humanitarian aid organizations play major roles in allocating the donation to the disaster areas. The Government has called on them to dispense the money to the people affected by the disaster as soon as possible.
Ecco la tabella con i dati rilevati nelle regioni italiane
"L’ISPRA e il sistema delle Agenzie Regionali e delle Province Autonome per la Protezione dell’Ambiente effettua il monitoraggio della radioattività ambientale. Sin dal 12 marzo 2011, l’ISPRA ha richiesto di intensificare le misure di particolato atmosferico allo scopo di monitorare l’andamento di una eventuale presenza di radioattività in aria riconducibile all’incidente nella centrale di Fukushima in Giappone. Vengono effettuate misure giornaliere con particolare riguardo alla presenza degli isotopi Iodio 131 e Cesio 137. È stato anche richiesto di effettuare misure di deposizione al suolo con cadenza settimanale.Tali valori non hanno alcuna rilevanza dal punto di vista radiologico e sono tali da non costituire alcun rischio di tipo sanitario.
I risultati delle misure di concentrazione in aria effettuati tra il 23 e il 29 marzo hanno evidenziato in alcuni campioni la presenza di piccole tracce di Iodio 131. Inoltre, alcune Agenzie Regionali per la Protezione dell’Ambiente hanno rilevato la presenza di tracce di Iodio 131 nella deposizione al suolo. All’aggiornamento dei dati al 30 marzo si accede tramite il link a fondo pagina.
Le suddette concentrazioni risultano analoghe a quelle rilevate in altri paesi Europei.
Si conferma che, sino ad oggi, la rete automatica di monitoraggio dell’intensità di dose gamma in aria dell’ISPRA non ha rilevato valori anomali rispetto alle normali fluttuazioni del fondo ambientale locale."
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| fonte ISPRA |
"I risultati delle attività di monitoraggio condotte dai vari paesi mostrano una variabilità della concentrazione di Iodio radioattivo in aria compresa tra 0,002 e 2 mBq/m3. Solo in pochi casi viene rilevata la presenza di Cs-137 in aria, con una concentrazione inferiore di un ordine di grandezza.
In particolare, nel Regno Unito è stata misurata una concentrazione di Iodio 131 di 0,3 mBq/m3 (da confrontare con un valore medio misurato nei nove giorni precedenti di 0,011 mBq/m3). Il valore massimo individuato in Francia è pari a 0,51 mBq/m3 (27 marzo), in Svizzera 0,003 mBq/m3 (fino al 29 marzo), in Germania 0,53 mBq/m3, in Irlanda 0,02 mBq/m3 (tra il 26 e 27 marzo), in Grecia a 0,1 mBq/m3. In Spagna la concentrazione massima misurata per lo Iodio 131 risulta pari a 2,3 mBq/m3 nei giorni 26-27 marzo. Sempre in Spagna sono state misurate concentrazioni di Cesio 134 e Cesio 137 pari a 0,210 mBq/m3 in rapporto unitario, indice della riconducibilità della loro presenza all’incidente in corso in Giappone."
"announced a high-level IAEA conference on Nuclear Safety should take place in Vienna before the summer".
Il briefing del direttore generale, avvenuto nella giornata di ieri, inizia con queste parolethe quantity of plutonium found does not exceed background levels tracked by Japan's Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology over the past 30 years.
Situation remains very serious.e poi prosegue
The crisis at the Fukushima Daiichi plant has still not been overcome and it will take some time to stabilise the reactors.
For now, radioactivity in the environment, foodstuffs and water - including the sea - is a matter of concern in the vicinity of the Fukushima plant and beyond. Current levels indicate a need for further comprehensive monitoring.
On the positive side, electrical power has been restored at Units 1, 2 and 3 and fresh water is now available on the site.
The crisis is not yet over, but we need to start thinking about the future.Once the situation has been stabilised, the Agency would like to send an international expert mission to conduct an assessment of the accident. This should include an element of peer review.
The Fukushima crisis has confronted the Agency and the international community with a major challenge.It is vitally important that we learn the right lessons from what happened on March 11, and afterwards, in order to strengthen nuclear safety throughout the world.
Ecco una slideshare sulla deposizione dal 17 al 27 marzo di Iodio-131, Cesio-137 e Tellurio-132
- an initial assessment of the Fukushima accident, its impact and consequences;
- considering the lessons that need to be learned;
- launching the process of strengthening nuclear safety;
- and strengthening the response to nuclear accidents and emergencies.
"Dose rates at the Fukushima site continue to trend downwards."
"In 28 of the 45 prefectures for which data are available, no deposition of radionuclides was detected in the period 18 to 25 March. In seven of the other 17 prefectures, the estimated daily deposition was less than 500 becquerel per square metre for iodine-131 and less that 100 becquerel per square metre for caesium-137.
On 26 March, the highest values were observed in the prefecture of Yamagata: 7500 becquerel per square metre for iodine-131 and 1200 becquerel per square metre for caesium-137. In the other prefectures where deposition of iodine-131 was reported, the daily range was from 28 to 860 becquerel per square metre. For caesium-137, the range was from 2.5 to 86 becquerel per square metre.
In the Shinjyuku district of Tokyo, the daily deposition of iodine-131 on 27 March was 220 becquerel per square metre, while for caesium-137 it was 12 becquerel per square metre.
No significant changes were reported in the 45 prefectures in gamma dose rates compared to yesterday. In general, gamma–dose rates tend to decrease due to the decay of short-lived radionuclides such as iodine-131.
Two IAEA teams are currently monitoring in Japan. One team made gamma dose-rate measurements in the Tokyo region at 8 locations. Gamma-dose rates measured ranged from 0.08 to 0.15 microsievert per hour, which is within or slightly above the normal background. The second team made additional measurements at distances of 30 to 41 km from the Fukushima nuclear power plant. At these locations, the dose rates ranged from 0.9 to 17 microsievert per hour. At the same locations, results of beta-gamma contamination measurements ranged from 0.03 to 3.1 Megabecquerel per square metre.
The first results of aerial surveys of gamma dose rates by the Japanese authorities have been received by the Incident and Emergency Centre. These are being analysed and will be presented when more detailed data have been received.
New data from monitoring of the marine environment, carried out from 24 March 22:55 UTC to 25 March 03:32 UTC about 30 km offshore, show a decrease in both caesium-137 and iodine 131. The contamination at these locations is influenced by aerial deposition of fallout as well as by the migration of contaminated seawater from the discharge points at the reactor. The measured radiation doses rates above the sea remain consistently low (between 0.04 and 0.1 microsievert per hour). The first results of model predictions received from the SIROCCO Group at the University of Toulouse are being assessed.
Recommendations relating to the restriction of drinking water consumption, based on measured concentrations of iodine-131, remain in place in seven locations (in one location for both adults and infants, and in six locations for infants).
As far as food contamination is concerned, samples taken from 23 to 25 March in five prefectures showed iodine-131 in unprocessed raw milk, but the levels were far below the regulation values set by the Japanese authorities. Caesium-137 was also detected in samples of unprocessed raw milk taken on 23 March in Chiba prefecture, but at levels far below the Japanese regulation values. Caesium-137 was not detected in any of the samples taken from 24-25 March in the other four prefectures.
Based on samples taken on 22 and 24-25 March, three prefectures (Chiba, Ibaraki and Tochigi) reported iodine-131 in celery, parsley, spinach, and other leafy vegetables above the regulation values set by the Japanese authorities. Caesium-137 was also detected above the regulation values in one sample of spinach taken on 24 March in Tochigi prefecture, but in the remaining two prefectures, the results were below regulation values.
The Joint FAO/IAEA Food Safety Assessment Team arrived in Tokyo on Saturday. It will meet regulatory officials in various prefectures where food contamination has been detected. The team left for Fukushima early today. The Mission will assist and provide advice on sampling protocols, analytical procedures, data collected to date, and actions taken by the Japanese authorities for the control of contaminated foods."
